Studying phase separation in confinement

Cells organize their interior through membrane-bound organelles and membraneless condensates that are formed by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS). The complex process of coacervation is involved in LLPS challenging to study living cells. Hence, studying cell-mimicking synthetic containers can yield valuable insights. Here, we review recent progress with respect (particularly coacervation) artificial compartments, from water-in-oil droplets membranous liposomes. We describe different strategies form control coacervates microconfinements physicochemical biological characteristics. also how itself be used container formation. This highlights the importance vitro coacervate studies for understanding cellular biology designing